Typically, robots rely on their repeatability not their accuracy. When a robot first moves to a programmed position it may only get there to within +/- 2mm. It will however always go back to that same position to within +/-0.05mm. This lack of accuracy therefore often leads to a manual commissioning process taking place. When a program is first brought online, an engineer will use the teach pendant stood next to the robot to manually adjust each of the critical program positions correcting for the inaccuracy. This is clearly a costly and time-consuming process that delays the speed at which new products can be introduced into production. It may also waste multiple parts needed for ‘trial runs’ before the system is corrected. This process is also subjective with the engineer on the shopfloor making decisions about what is acceptable which also creates a challenge when handing over to the process owner.